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Saudi Arabian Mathematical Competitions, 2012

Geometry Difficulty 4.8 AIME Prove it Saudi Arabia

Let ABCDEABCDE be a pentagon with A^=B^=C^=D^=120∘\widehat{A} = \widehat{B} = \widehat{C} = \widehat{D} = 120^\circ. Prove that
4AC⋅BD≥3AE⋅ED. 4AC \cdot BD \ge 3AE \cdot ED.

Solution

Figure 1
It is clear that AB∥EDAB \parallel ED and AE∥CDAE \parallel CD. Let FF be the intersection point of lines ABAB and CDCD. The inequality is equivalent to
ACAF⋅BDFD≥34.(1) \frac{AC}{AF} \cdot \frac{BD}{FD} \ge \frac{3}{4}. \quad (1)
Using the Law of Sines in triangles ACFACF and BDFBDF, we get that (1) is equivalent to
32⋅3sin⁡ACF^⋅3sin⁡DBF^≥34, \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} \cdot \frac{\sqrt{3}}{\sin \widehat{ACF}} \cdot \frac{\sqrt{3}}{\sin \widehat{DBF}} \ge \frac{3}{4},
so sin⁡ACF^⋅sin⁡DBF^≤1\sin \widehat{ACF} \cdot \sin \widehat{DBF} \le 1, which is clearly true.
We have equality if and only if ACF^=DBF^=90∘\widehat{ACF} = \widehat{DBF} = 90^\circ, hence BC=AB=CD=BF=CFBC = AB = CD = BF = CF. This means AEDFAEDF is a rhombus, and BB and CC are the midpoints of AFAF and DFDF respectively.

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