Maths Olympiad Prep

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, 2021

Geometry Difficulty 4.9 AIME Prove it United States

Problem:

In triangle ABCA B C, let MM be the midpoint of BCB C, HH be the orthocenter, and OO be the circumcenter. Let NN be the reflection of MM over HH. Suppose that OA=ON=11O A = O N = 11 and OH=7O H = 7. Compute BC2B C^{2}.

Solution

Solution:

Let ω\omega be the circumcircle of ABC\triangle A B C. Note that because ON=OAO N = O A, NN is on ω\omega. Let PP be the reflection of HH over MM. Then, PP is also on ω\omega. If QQ is the midpoint of NPN P, note that because
NH=HM=MP, N H = H M = M P,
QQ is also the midpoint of HMH M. Since OQNPO Q \perp N P, we know that OQHMO Q \perp H M. As QQ is also the midpoint of HMH M,
OM=OH=7 O M = O H = 7
With this,
BM=OB2BM2=62 B M = \sqrt{O B^{2} - B M^{2}} = 6 \sqrt{2}
and BC=2BM=122B C = 2 B M = 12 \sqrt{2}. Therefore, BC2=288B C^{2} = 288.

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Source: MathNet, licensed CC-BY-4.0. Statement reproduced verbatim; metadata (topic, difficulty) added by this project.