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Macedonian Junior Mathematical Olympiad

Geometry Difficulty 4.0 AMC 10/12 Prove it North Macedonia

A trapezoid ABCDABCD is given, such that AB‾=AC‾=BD‾\overline{AB} = \overline{AC} = \overline{BD}. Let MM be the midpoint of CDCD. Find the angles of the trapezoid if ∠MBC=∠CAB\angle MBC = \angle CAB.

Solution

By the conditions of the task it follows that the trapezoid is isosceles. Let KK be the midpoint of ADAD, and let ∠CAB=∠MBC=φ\angle CAB = \angle MBC = \varphi. Then
∠MKA=180∘−∠KAC=180∘−∠MBA. \angle MKA = 180^\circ - \angle KAC = 180^\circ - \angle MBA.
Therefore the quadrilateral ABMKABMK is inscribed. Then, by the conditions we have that △ABD\triangle ABD is isosceles, from where we get ∠AKB=90∘\angle AKB = 90^\circ.
Now, because of the fact that ABMKABMK is inscribed, we have ∠AMB=∠AKB=90∘\angle AMB = \angle AKB = 90^\circ i.e. we get that the triangle △AMB\triangle AMB is a right isosceles triangle.
Let M1M_1 be the foot of the altitude from MM. Then
MM1‾=AM1‾=AB‾2=AC‾2, \overline{MM_1} = \overline{AM_1} = \frac{\overline{AB}}{2} = \frac{\overline{AC}}{2},
so we get that φ=30∘\varphi = 30^\circ.
Now we easily get ∠ABC=30∘+45∘=75∘\angle ABC = 30^\circ + 45^\circ = 75^\circ and ∠ADC=105∘\angle ADC = 105^\circ.

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