Determine all nonnegative integers having two distinct positive divisors with the same distance from .
Solution
Since the smallest possible divisors of an integer are , and , the greatest possible divisors are , and . Hence a divisor that is bigger than can only be or . Since there is no positive divisor of having the same distance from as , the bigger one of the two divisors must be . The distance from to equals and since the smaller divisor must be . Hence is a multiple of . On the other hand it is clear that all positive multiples of have the desired property.
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