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Algebra Difficulty 4.8 AIME Prove it Ukraine

Solve the system of equations:
{x2+3xy=3y+x,y2yx=3x+y. \begin{cases} x^2 + 3xy = 3y + x, \\ y^2 - yx = 3x + y. \end{cases}

Solution

Add up the equations and get
x2+2xy+y2=4y+4x or (x+y)2=4(x+y). x^2 + 2xy + y^2 = 4y + 4x \text{ or } (x+y)^2 = 4(x+y).

If x=yx = -y, the second equation implies
2y2=2y, hence y=0 or y=1. 2y^2 = -2y, \text{ hence } y = 0 \text{ or } y = -1.
We get two solutions, (0; 0) and (1; -1).

If x=4yx = 4 - y, the first equation implies
y2y(4y)=3(4y)+y, hence, y2y6=0. y^2 - y(4 - y) = 3(4 - y) + y, \text{ hence, } y^2 - y - 6 = 0.
The final equation has two roots, y=3y = 3 and y=2y = -2. They give us solutions (1; 3) and (6; -2). It can be easily verified that they satisfy both equations.

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