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Geometry Difficulty 6.7 National olympiad Prove it China

Let I\odot I be the incircle of ABC\triangle ABC with AB>ACAB > AC. I\odot I is tangent to BCBC and ADAD at DD and EE, respectively. The tangent line EPEP of I\odot I intersects the extended line of BCBC at PP. Segment CFCF is parallel to PEPE and intersects ADAD at point FF. Line BFBF intersects I\odot I at points MM and NN such that MM is on segment BFBF. Segment PMPM intersects I\odot I at the other point QQ. Prove that ENP=ENQ\angle ENP = \angle ENQ.

Solution

Therefore, IGP=IEP=90\angle IGP = \angle IEP = 90^\circ, that is, IGPGIG \perp PG. Hence, points PP, SS and TT are collinear.

Line PSTPST intersects ABC\triangle ABC. By Menelaus' Theorem, we have
ASSCCPPBBTTA=1. \frac{AS}{SC} \cdot \frac{CP}{PB} \cdot \frac{BT}{TA} = 1.
Since AS=ATAS = AT, CS=CDCS = CD and BT=BDBT = BD, we have
PCPBBDCD=1.1 \frac{PC}{PB} \cdot \frac{BD}{CD} = 1. \qquad \textcircled{1}
Let the extension of BNBN intersect PEPE at point HH. Then line BFHBFH intersects PDE\triangle PDE. By Menelaus' Theorem,
PHHEEFFDDBBP=1. \frac{PH}{HE} \cdot \frac{EF}{FD} \cdot \frac{DB}{BP} = 1.
Since CFCF is parallel to BEBE, EFFD=PCCD\frac{EF}{FD} = \frac{PC}{CD}, we have
PHHEPCCDDBBP=1.2 \frac{PH}{HE} \cdot \frac{PC}{CD} \cdot \frac{DB}{BP} = 1. \qquad \textcircled{2}
By ① and ②, we have PH=HEPH = HE. Hence, PH2=HE2=HMHNPH^2 = HE^2 = HM \cdot HN. Thus, we have PHHM=HNPH\frac{PH}{HM} = \frac{HN}{PH}, PHNMHP\triangle PHN \sim \triangle MHP and HPN=HMP=NEQ\angle HPN = \angle HMP = \angle NEQ. Further, since PEN=EQN\angle PEN = \angle EQN, therefore ENP=ENQ\angle ENP = \angle ENQ. \square

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