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Geometry Difficulty 6.8 National olympiad Prove it Belarus

In the parallelogram ABCDABCD (BCADBC \parallel AD) the side ABAB is a half length of the side BCBC. The bisector of the angle ABCABC intersects the side ADAD at KK and the diagonal ACAC at LL. The bisector of the angle ADCADC intersects the extension of the side ABAB beyond BB at point MM. The line MLML intersects the side ADAD at FF.
Find the ratio AF:ADAF : AD.

Solution

Answer: 2:52 : 5.
Let the segment MDMD intersect the side ACAC at NN and the diagonal ACAC at PP.
From BCADBC \parallel AD we get CBK=BKA\angle CBK = \angle BKA.
Since BKBK is the bisector, ABK=CBK\angle ABK = \angle CBK
hence ABK=BKA\angle ABK = \angle BKA and the triangle ABKABK is isosceles with AB=AKAB = AK. From 2AB=AD2AB = AD it follows that KK is the midpoint of ADAD, similarly NN is the midpoint of BCBC. It is clear that BNDKBNDK is a parallelogram, therefore ND=BKND = BK and NPNP, LKLK are the middle lines of the triangles BCLBCL and APDAPD respectively. Thus 2NP=BL2NP = BL and 2LK=PD2LK = PD whence NP+PD=ND=BK=BL+LKNP + PD = ND = BK = BL + LK and therefore 2NP=2LK=PD2NP = 2LK = PD. Since NN is the midpoint of BCBC, BN=0.5BC=0.5ADBN = 0.5BC = 0.5AD. And since BCADBC \parallel AD, BNBN is the middle line of the triangle AMDAMD, so NN is the midpoint of MDMD, i.e.

Figure 1

MN=ND=NP+PD=32PD    MP=MN+NP=32PD+12PD=2PD.(1) MN = ND = NP + PD = \frac{3}{2}PD \implies MP = MN + NP = \frac{3}{2}PD + \frac{1}{2}PD = 2PD. \tag{1}
Let QQ be the intersection point of the side ADAD and the line passing through PP parallel to MFMF. By Thales' theorem FQ:QD=MP:PD=(1)2:1FQ : QD = MP : PD \stackrel{(1)}{=} 2 : 1. Since LKLK is the middle line of the triangle APDAPD, AK=KDAK = KD. Therefore
AF:AD=AF:(AF+FQ+QD)=FQ:(2FQ+QD)=2QD:5QD=2:5. AF : AD = AF : (AF + FQ + QD) = FQ : (2FQ + QD) = 2QD : 5QD = 2 : 5.

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