Maths Olympiad Prep

Library / /86 of 133

Geometry Difficulty 5.8 AIME, harder Prove it Saudi Arabia

Let ABCABC be a triangle, DD the midpoint of side BCBC and EE the intersection point of the bisector of angle BAC\angle BAC with side BCBC. The perpendicular bisector of AEAE intersects the bisectors of angles CBA\angle CBA and CDA\angle CDA at MM and NN, respectively. The bisectors of angles CBA\angle CBA and CDA\angle CDA intersect at PP. Prove that points A,M,N,PA, M, N, P are concyclic.

Solution

The bisector of angle EBA\angle EBA and the perpendicular bisector of side EAEA, both bisect the arc\overparenEA\operatorname{arc}\overparen{EA} of the circumcircle of triangle ABEABE opposite to the vertex BB. Therefore quadrilateral ABEMABEM is cyclic and hence
EAM=EBM \angle EAM = \angle EBM
The segment defined by the two intersection points of the perpendicular bisector of AEAE with the circumcircle of triangle AEDAED is a diameter and intersects the bisector of the angle ADE\angle ADE on this circumcircle. But the bisectors of angles CDA\angle CDA and ADE\angle ADE are perpendicular. Therefore quadrilateral AEDNAEDN is cyclic and hence
CDN=EAN. \angle CDN = \angle EAN.
Figure 1
We deduce that
MAN=EANEAM=CDNEBM=MPN, \angle MAN = \angle EAN - \angle EAM = \angle CDN - \angle EBM = \angle MPN,
from triangle BDPBDP. This proves that points A,M,N,PA, M, N, P are concyclic.

Want a route through all this instead of an archive? The track puts 2,000 problems in a working order, from AMC 10 level to the IMO shortlist.

Source: MathNet, licensed CC-BY-4.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.