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Algebra Difficulty 4.8 AIME Prove it Ukraine

Real numbers x,y(0,π)x, y \in (0, \pi) satisfy the equality
cos2xcosycos2ycosx=cosycosx. \cos 2x \cos y - \cos 2y \cos x = \cos y - \cos x.
Show that x=yx = y.

Solution

Запишемо дану рівність у вигляді cos2xcosycos2ycosx=cosycosx\cos^2 x \cos y - \cos^2 y \cos x = \cos y - \cos x, (cosxcosy+1)(cosxcosy)=0(\cos x \cos y + 1)(\cos x - \cos y) = 0. Оскільки для x(0;π)x \in (0; \pi) і y(0;π)y \in (0; \pi) cosxcosy>1\cos x \cos y > -1, то cosx=cosy\cos x = \cos y, і тому, враховуючи спадання функції f(t)=costf(t) = \cos t на проміжку (0;π)(0; \pi), маємо, що x=yx = y.

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