Maths Olympiad Prep

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Geometry Difficulty 5.6 AIME, harder Prove it Estonia

Let MM be the intersection of the diagonals of a cyclic quadrilateral ABCDABCD. Find the length of ADAD, if it is known that AB=2AB = 2 mm, BC=5BC = 5 mm, AM=4AM = 4 mm, and CDCM=0.6\frac{CD}{CM} = 0.6.

Solution

Opposite angles AMBAMB and DMCDMC equal. Also notice that ABM=ABD=ACD=MCD\angle ABM = \angle ABD = \angle ACD = \angle MCD, as ABDABD and ACDACD are subtended to the same arc. Therefore the triangles AMBAMB and DMCDMC are similar. Hence BABM=CDCM\frac{BA}{BM} = \frac{CD}{CM}, from which BM=BACMCDBM = BA \cdot \frac{CM}{CD}. Analogously the opposite angles AMDAMD and BMCBMC are equal. By the property of inscribed angles ADM=ADB=ACB=MCB\angle ADM = \angle ADB = \angle ACB = \angle MCB. Hence, the triangles AMDAMD and BMCBMC are similar and ADAM=BCBM\frac{AD}{AM} = \frac{BC}{BM}. In summary, AD=AMBCBM=AM5 mm2 mm0.6=6 mmAD = \frac{AM \cdot BC}{BM} = \frac{AM \cdot 5 \text{ mm}}{2 \text{ mm}} \cdot 0.6 = 6 \text{ mm}.
Figure 1
Fig. 1

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