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Algebra Difficulty 4.8 AIME Prove it New Zealand

Problem:

Let aa, bb and cc be positive real numbers such that a+b+c=3a + b + c = 3. Prove that
aa+bb+cc3.a^{a} + b^{b} + c^{c} \geq 3.

Solution

Solution:

We start with a general fact about any positive real number xx. There are two cases: either x1x \geq 1 or x<1x < 1.

- If x1x \geq 1 then xpxqx^{p} \geq x^{q} for any p>qp > q. Substituting p=xp = x and q=1q = 1 gives us xxx1=xx^{x} \geq x^{1} = x.

- If x<1x < 1 then xp<xqx^{p} < x^{q} for any p>qp > q. Substituting p=1p = 1 and q=xq = x gives us x=x1<xxx = x^{1} < x^{x}.

In either case we get xxxx^{x} \geq x for all positive real numbers xx. Applying this fact for aa, bb and cc gives us
aa+bb+cca+b+c=3a^{a} + b^{b} + c^{c} \geq a + b + c = 3
as required.

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Source: MathNet, licensed CC-BY-4.0. Statement reproduced verbatim; metadata (topic, difficulty) added by this project.