Let's count the number N of pairs (j,k) such that j divides k and 1≤j,k≤n. Fixing j, we must count the multiples of j, which is ⌊jn⌋. So
N=⌊1n⌋+⌊2n⌋+⌊3n⌋+⋯+⌊nn⌋
Fixing k, we must count the number of divisors of k, which is d(k) and then N=d(1)+d(2)+⋯+d(n). So
d(1)+d(2)+⋯+d(n)=⌊1n⌋+⌊2n⌋+⌊3n⌋+⋯+⌊nn⌋
and since x−1<⌊x⌋≤x
(1n−1)+(2n−1)+⋯+(nn−1)<d(1)+d(2)+⋯+d(n)≤1n+2n+⋯+nn
n(21+31+⋯+n1)≤d(1)+d(2)+⋯+d(n)≤n(1+21+31+⋯+n1)