GeometryDifficulty 5.7AIME, harderFind the answerItaly
Problem:
Three friends enter Giorgio's pizzeria and each sits at one side of a rectangular table; the first sits at a side of length 70cm, the second and the third sit facing each other, on sides of length l. The pizzas have a diameter of 30cm; Giorgio serves the pizza of the first customer so that it is tangent to his side of the table at the midpoint, and the pizzas of the other two so that they are tangent to their respective sides of the table and to the first pizza. What is the minimum value of l (in centimeters) for which the three pizzas can fit entirely on the table?
Pick one
Solution
Solution:
The answer is (D). Consider a rectangular table in which the length l is the minimum such that the three pizzas are entirely contained on its surface, that is, such that the second and third pizzas are tangent to the side at which none of the three friends is sitting. Let us call O1,O2 the centers of the first two pizzas, and let P be the point of intersection between the line through O1 parallel to the side to which the second pizza is tangent (which has length l) and the line through O2 parallel to the side to which the first pizza is tangent (which has length 70cm). Then l=15+O1P+15; on the other hand O1O2 has length 60cm, while the length of O2P can be computed, in centimeters, as 270−15=20; the angle O1PO2 is right by definition, and thus by the Pythagorean Theorem O1P=O1O22−O2P2, that is, the required length turns out to be, in centimeters, 30+105.
Want a route through all this instead of an archive? The track
puts 2,000 problems in a working order, from AMC 10 level to the IMO shortlist.
Source: MathNet,
licensed CC-BY-4.0.
Statement translated into English from it; metadata (topic, difficulty) added by this project.