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Algebra Difficulty 4.5 AIME Prove it Ireland

Find all real numbers xx for which
x14x+1+1x>2x. \frac{x\sqrt{14}}{\sqrt{x+1}+\sqrt{1-x}} > \sqrt{2-x}.

Solution

For the square roots to exist, we require 1x1-1 \le x \le 1. The inequality is false when x0x \le 0, so we assume 0<x10 < x \le 1. By multiplying above and below by x+11x\sqrt{x+1} - \sqrt{1-x}, the inequality becomes
x+11x>42x7. \sqrt{x+1} - \sqrt{1-x} > \sqrt{\frac{4-2x}{7}}.
The left side is positive, since x>0x > 0, so squaring both sides gives
221x2>42x7. 2 - 2\sqrt{1 - x^2} > \frac{4 - 2x}{7}.
which gives x+57>1x2\frac{x+5}{7} > \sqrt{1-x^2}. Squaring again gives x2+10x+25>4949x2x^2+10x+25 > 49-49x^2, so 25x2+5x12>025x^2+5x-12 > 0. Factoring gives (5x3)(5x+4)>0(5x-3)(5x+4) > 0 and since x>0x > 0 this gives x>35x > \frac{3}{5}. So the inequality is true if and only if 35<x1\frac{3}{5} < x \le 1.

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Source: MathNet, licensed CC-BY-4.0. Statement reproduced verbatim; metadata (topic, difficulty) added by this project.