Maths Olympiad Prep

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Number theory Difficulty 5.0 AIME Prove it North Macedonia

a) Find the smallest positive integer which multiplied by 25202520 gives a square of a positive integer.

b) Prove that the sum of two consecutive odd integers is divisible with 44.

Solution

a) For 25202520 we have 2520=2332572520 = 2^3 \cdot 3^2 \cdot 5 \cdot 7. We notice that in order to get a square of a positive integer this number has to be multiplied with at least 257=702 \cdot 5 \cdot 7 = 70. We obtain the product 252070=42022520 \cdot 70 = 420^2 and the desired number is 7070.

b) We denote by 2k12k-1 and 2k+12k+1, kZk \in \mathbb{Z}, the two consecutive odd integers. Then their sum is (2k1)+(2k+1)=2k1+2k+1=4k(2k-1)+(2k+1)=2k-1+2k+1=4k which is divisible with 44.

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Source: MathNet, licensed CC-BY-4.0. Statement reproduced verbatim; metadata (topic, difficulty) added by this project.