Maths Olympiad Prep

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Algebra Difficulty 6.6 National olympiad Prove it

Example 8.5abc=1,a,b,c>08.5 a b c=1, a, b, c>0, prove that
(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)4(a+b+c1)(a+b)(b+c)(c+a) \geqslant 4(a+b+c-1)

Solution

Proof. For convenience, we write the original inequality as
(x+y)(y+z)(z+x)4(x+y+z1)(x+y)(y+z)(z+x) \geqslant 4(x+y+z-1)

where xyz=1xyz=1. Making the substitution x=sa,y=sb,z=scx=s-a, y=s-b, z=s-c, then a,b,ca, b, c are the side lengths of a triangle, and ss is the semi-perimeter of the triangle. Thus, the inequality becomes
abc4(s1)abc \geqslant 4(s-1)

Since
xyz=1s(sa)(sb)(sc)=ssr2=1xyz=1 \Leftrightarrow s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)=s \Leftrightarrow s r^{2}=1

we only need to prove
4Rrs4(s1)R(s1)rR+rsr(R+r)3s3r3=s2r\begin{array}{c} 4 R r s \geqslant 4(s-1) \Leftrightarrow R \geqslant(s-1) r \Leftrightarrow R+r \geqslant s r \Leftrightarrow \\ \quad(R+r)^{3} \geqslant s^{3} r^{3}=s^{2} r \end{array}

By the AM-GM inequality, we have
R+r=R2+R2+r3R2r43R+r=\frac{R}{2}+\frac{R}{2}+r \geqslant 3 \sqrt[3]{\frac{R^{2} r}{4}}

We only need to prove
s33R2s \leqslant \frac{3 \sqrt{3} R}{2}

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.