Maths Olympiad Prep

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Geometry Difficulty 3.5 AMC 10/12 Find the answer

The diagram below shows a rectangle with side lengths 44 and 88 and a square with side length 55. Three vertices of the square lie on three different sides of the rectangle, as shown. What is the area of the region inside both the square and the rectangle?

Pick one

Solution

Let us label the points on the diagram.

By doing some angle chasing using the fact that ACE\angle ACE and CEG\angle CEG are right angles, we find that BACDCEFEG\angle BAC \cong \angle DCE \cong \angle FEG. Similarly, ACBCEDEGF\angle ACB \cong \angle CED \cong \angle EGF. Therefore, ABCCDEEFG\triangle ABC \sim \triangle CDE \sim \triangle EFG.
As we are given a rectangle and a square, AB=4AB = 4 and AC=5AC = 5. Therefore, ABC\triangle ABC is a 33-44-55 right triangle and BC=3BC = 3.
CECE is also 55. So, using the similar triangles, CD=4CD = 4 and DE=3DE = 3.
EF=DFDE=43=1EF = DF - DE = 4 - 3 = 1. Using the similar triangles again, EFEF is 14\frac14 of the corresponding ABAB. So,
[EFG]=(14)2[ABC]=1166=38.\begin{align*} [\triangle EFG] &= \left(\frac14\right)^2 \cdot [\triangle ABC] \\ &= \frac{1}{16} \cdot 6 \\ &= \frac38. \end{align*}
Finally, we have
[ACEG]=[ABDF][ABC][CDE][EFG]=741234123438=286638=(D) 1558.\begin{align*} [ACEG] &= [ABDF] - [\triangle ABC] - [\triangle CDE] - [\triangle EFG] \\ &= 7 \cdot 4 - \frac12 \cdot 3 \cdot 4 - \frac12 \cdot 3 \cdot 4 - \frac38 \\ &= 28 - 6 - 6 - \frac38 \\ &= \boxed{\textbf{(D) }15\dfrac{5}{8}}. \end{align*}
~Connor132435

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.