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Geometry Difficulty 7.1 National olympiad, round 2 Prove it

Let the angle bisectors of BAC,\angle BAC, CBA,\angle CBA, and ACB\angle ACB meets the circumcircle of ABC\triangle ABC at the points M,N,M,N, and K,K, respectively. Let the segments ABAB and MKMK intersects at the point PP and the segments ACAC and MNMN intersects at the point Q.Q. Prove that PQBCPQ\parallel BC

Solution

1. Identify the given elements and their properties:
- Let ABC\triangle ABC be a triangle with circumcircle Ω\Omega.
- The angle bisectors of BAC\angle BAC, CBA\angle CBA, and ACB\angle ACB intersect the circumcircle Ω\Omega at points MM, NN, and KK, respectively.
- The segments ABAB and MKMK intersect at point PP.
- The segments ACAC and MNMN intersect at point QQ.

2. Use the properties of angle bisectors and the circumcircle:
- Since MM is on the circumcircle and is the intersection of the angle bisector of BAC\angle BAC with the circumcircle, MM is the midpoint of the arc BCBC that does not contain AA.
- Similarly, NN and KK are the midpoints of the arcs ACAC and ABAB that do not contain BB and CC, respectively.

3. Apply the Angle Bisector Theorem:
- The Angle Bisector Theorem states that the angle bisector of an angle in a triangle divides the opposite side into segments that are proportional to the adjacent sides.
- Therefore, BP:PA=MB:MABP : PA = MB : MA and CQ:QA=MC:MACQ : QA = MC : MA.

4. **Use the fact that MM, NN, and KK are midpoints of the arcs:**
- Since MM is the midpoint of the arc BCBC, MB=MCMB = MC.
- Similarly, NN and KK being midpoints of their respective arcs implies NB=NANB = NA and KA=KCKA = KC.

5. Establish the proportionality:
- From the Angle Bisector Theorem and the fact that MB=MCMB = MC, we have:
BP:PA=MB:MA=MC:MA=CQ:QA BP : PA = MB : MA = MC : MA = CQ : QA
- This implies that BP:PA=CQ:QABP : PA = CQ : QA.

6. **Conclude that PQBCPQ \parallel BC:**
- Since BP:PA=CQ:QABP : PA = CQ : QA, by the converse of the Basic Proportionality Theorem (also known as Thales' theorem), the line segment PQPQ must be parallel to BCBC.

PQBC \boxed{PQ \parallel BC}

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.