Given an ellipse C with its center at the origin and foci on the x-axis, and with a minor axis of length 2, the eccentricity is equal to .
(1) Find the equation of ellipse C;
(2) Let line l pass through the right focus F of ellipse C and intersect ellipse C at points A and B, and intersect the y-axis at point M. If and , prove that is a constant.
Solution
(1) Let's start by considering the standard equation of an ellipse centered at the origin and with its axes aligned with the coordinate axes which is given by where .
Since the length of the minor axis is 2, we have which implies . Additionally, we know that the eccentricity , which leads us to .
We know that in an ellipse , so . Thus, the equation of ellipse C is .
(2) To prove the second part, let's define the coordinates of the points A, B, and M as A, B, and M, respectively. We also know that the right focus F has coordinates , so the coordinates of F are since and .
The slope of line l exists and let's denote it by , so the equation of line l can be written as .
Substituting the equation of line l into the equation of ellipse C and eliminating and simplifying gives us .
Consequently, our resulting system is and .
Since and , we substitute the coordinates of the points A and B and obtain and . Therefore,
\begin{align*}
\lambda_1 + \lambda_2 &= \frac{x_1}{2 - x_1} + \frac{x_2}{2 - x_2} \\
&= \frac{2(x_1 + x_2) - 2x_1 x_2}{4 - 2(x_1 + x_2) + x_1 x_2} \\
&= \frac{2\cdot \frac{20k^2}{1 + 5k^2} - 2\cdot \frac{20k^2 - 5}{1 + 5k^2}}{4 - 2\cdot \frac{20k^2}{1 + 5k^2} + \frac{20k^2 - 5}{1 + 5k^2}} \\
&= \frac{40k^2 - (40k^2 - 10)}{(4+5k^2) - (40k^2)} \\
&= \frac{10}{5k^2+4-40k^2} \\
&= \frac{10}{4 - 35k^2} \\
&= -10 \quad (\text{as } 35k^2 > 0)
\end{align*}
Thus, is a constant, specifically .