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Algebra Difficulty 5.9 AIME, harder Prove it

Example 8 Let real numbers a,b,ca, b, c satisfy a+b+c=1a+b+c=1, abc>0abc>0. Prove:
ab+bc+ca<abc2+14. ab+bc+ca<\frac{\sqrt{abc}}{2}+\frac{1}{4}.
(2014, National High School Mathematics Joint Competition)

Solution

【Analysis】There are many ways to prove this problem. We might as well try constructing a function.
Notice that, abc>0a b c>0.
By the Pigeonhole Principle, we know that among a,b,ca, b, c, there exist two numbers with the same sign, let's assume they are b,cb, c. Hence, bc>0b c>0, and consequently, a>0a>0.
Let t=bc>0t=\sqrt{b c}>0.
By the AM-GM inequality, we have
bcb+c2=1a2 \sqrt{b c} \leqslant \frac{|b+c|}{2}=\frac{|1-a|}{2} \text {. }

Transform the original inequality as follows:
a b+b c+c a0 ,\text{a b+b c+c a0 ,}

where, u=a(0,1)u=\sqrt{a} \in(0,1).
At this point, we only need to prove
g(u)=3u3u22u+1>0 g(u)=3 u^{3}-u^{2}-2 u+1>0 \text {. }

Since g(u)=9u22u2=0g^{\prime}(u)=9 u^{2}-2 u-2=0 has only one solution 1+199\frac{1+\sqrt{19}}{9} in the interval [0,1][0,1], which is the minimum point of g(u)g(u), and
g(1+199)=1873819243>0, g\left(\frac{1+\sqrt{19}}{9}\right)=\frac{187-38 \sqrt{19}}{243}>0,

Therefore, g(u)>0g(u)>0 holds in the interval (0,1)(0,1).
(2) When a1a \geqslant 1,
 Equation (2) (3u32u)+(u21)>0 \text { Equation (2) } \Leftrightarrow\left(3 u^{3}-2 u\right)+\left(u^{2}-1\right)>0 \text {. }

Since u=a1u=\sqrt{a} \geqslant 1, this inequality clearly holds.
Thus, we have proved that f(x)<0f(x)<0 always holds.
Substituting x=bcx=\sqrt{b c}, we get
ab+bc+ca<abc2+14. a b+b c+c a<\frac{\sqrt{a b c}}{2}+\frac{1}{4} .

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.