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Geometry Difficulty 7.6 National olympiad, round 2 Prove it

Given an acute triangle ABCABC, (c)(c) is the circumcircle with center OO and HH the orthocenter of the triangle ABCABC. The line AOAO intersects (c)(c) at the point DD. Let D1,D2D_{1}, D_{2} and H2,H3H_{2}, H_{3} be the symmetrical points of the points DD and HH with respect to the lines AB,ACAB, AC respectively. Let (c1)\left(c_{1}\right) be the circumcircle of the triangle AD1D2AD_{1}D_{2}. Suppose that the line AHAH intersects again (c1)\left(c_{1}\right) at the point UU, the line H2H3H_{2}H_{3} intersects the segment D1D2D_{1}D_{2} at the point K1K_{1} and the line DH3DH_{3} intersects the segment UD2UD_{2} at the point L1L_{1}. Prove that one of the intersection points of the circumcircles of the triangles D1K1H2D_{1}K_{1}H_{2} and UDL1UDL_{1} lies on the line K1L1K_{1}L_{1}.

Solution

It is well known that the symmetrical points H1,H2,H3H_{1}, H_{2}, H_{3} of HH with respect to the sides BC,AB,ACB C, A B, A C of the triangle ABCA B C respectively lie on the circle (c).
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Figure 8: G8
Let LL be the second point of intersection of (c)(c) and (c1)\left(c_{1}\right). First we will prove that the lines D1H2,D2H3D_{1} H_{2}, D_{2} H_{3} and UDU D pass through the point LL.

Suppose that the line AHA H intersects the side BCB C at the point ZZ. Since H1DBCD1D2H_{1} D\|B C\| D_{1} D_{2} and B,CB, C are the midpoints of the segments D1D,D2DD_{1} D, D_{2} D respectively, we get that ZZ is the midpoint of the segment HH1H H_{1}, so the point HH lies on D1D2D_{1} D_{2}. Therefore, AHD1D2A H \perp D_{1} D_{2} and AUA U is a diameter of (c1)\left(c_{1}\right). Thus, ALULA L \perp U L and ALDLA L \perp D L. We have that the points U,D,LU, D, L are collinear. (1)

Now, ALD1=AD2D1,ALH2=ACH2\angle A L D_{1}=\angle A D_{2} D_{1}, \angle A L H_{2}=\angle A C H_{2}. Since AHCD2A H C D_{2} is cyclic we get
ACH2=AD2D1\angle A C H_{2}=\angle A D_{2} D_{1}. Therefore, ALH2=ALD1\angle A L H_{2}=\angle A L D_{1}. So the points D1,H2,LD_{1}, H_{2}, L are collinear. (2)

Similarly,

D1LD2=D1AD2=1802(AD1H). \angle D_{1} L D_{2}=\angle D_{1} A D_{2}=180^{\circ}-2\left(\angle A D_{1} H\right) .

Since AD1BHA D_{1} B H is cyclic we have AD1H=ABH=ABH3\angle A D_{1} H=\angle A B H=\angle A B H_{3}. Therefore, we get

D1LD2=1802(ABH3)=1802(ADH3)=180H2DH3. \angle D_{1} L D_{2}=180^{\circ}-2\left(\angle A B H_{3}\right)=180^{\circ}-2\left(\angle A D H_{3}\right)=180^{\circ}-\angle H_{2} D H_{3} .

Thus,

D1LD2+H2DH3=180 or D1LD2+H3LH2=180. \angle D_{1} L D_{2}+\angle H_{2} D H_{3}=180^{\circ} \quad \text { or } \angle D_{1} L D_{2}+\angle H_{3} L H_{2}=180^{\circ} .

So the points H3,L,D2H_{3}, L, D_{2} are collinear. (3)
From (1), (2), (3) we have that the lines D1H2,D2H3D_{1} H_{2}, D_{2} H_{3} and UDU D are concurrent at the point LL.

Also we have

H3DA=D2DACDH3=AD2DCBH3 \angle H_{3} D A=\angle D_{2} D A-\angle C D H_{3}=\angle A D_{2} D-\angle C B H_{3}

and because BHD2CB \mathrm{HD}_{2} \mathrm{C} is a parallelogram, we get CBH3=HD2C\angle C B H_{3}=\angle H D_{2} C. So

H3DA=AD2DHD2C=AD2D1=AD1D2=AUD2. \angle H_{3} D A=\angle A D_{2} D-\angle H D_{2} C=\angle A D_{2} D_{1}=\angle A D_{1} D_{2}=\angle A U D_{2} .

Therefore, the circumcircle of the triangle UDL1U D L_{1} passes through the point AA. Also, AD1K1=D2D1A=D2UA\angle A D_{1} K_{1}=\angle D_{2} D_{1} A=\angle D_{2} U A. But AUL1DA U L_{1} D is cyclic and we have D2UA=H3DA=\angle D_{2} U A=\angle H_{3} D A= H3BA=H3H2A\angle H_{3} B A=\angle H_{3} H_{2} A. Therefore, AD1K1=H3H2A\angle A D_{1} K_{1}=\angle H_{3} H_{2} A. Thus, the circumcircle of the triangle D1K1H2D_{1} K_{1} H_{2} passes through the point AA.

Because the points H3,L,D2H_{3}, L, D_{2} are collinear by the Desargues theorem, the lines UD1U D_{1}, L1K1,DH2L_{1} K_{1}, D H_{2} are concurrent, let say in the point MM.

From the similarity of the triangles UDL1U D L_{1} and D1K1H2D_{1} K_{1} H_{2} we conclude that MM is the center of unique spiral similarity and because the circumcircles of the triangles D1K1H2D_{1} K_{1} H_{2} and UDL1U D L_{1} intersect at the point AA, then the second point of intersection is MM. Therefore, MM lies on the line K1L1K_{1} L_{1}.

Comment. We can prove the last part in a different way.
Let MM be the point of intersection of the circumcircles of the triangles D1K1H2D_{1} K_{1} H_{2} and UDL1U D L_{1}. Now, we have

K1MA=H3H2A=H3BA=ADH3=L1UA=L1MA. \angle K_{1} M A=\angle H_{3} H_{2} A=\angle H_{3} B A=\angle A D H_{3}=\angle L_{1} U A=\angle L_{1} M A .

Therefore, the points L1,K1,ML_{1}, K_{1}, M are collinear.

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.