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Algebra Difficulty 6.8 National olympiad Prove it

67. Given a1,a2,,an;b1,b2,,bna_{1}, a_{2}, \cdots, a_{n} ; b_{1}, b_{2}, \cdots, b_{n} are all positive numbers, and satisfy a12+a22++an2=a_{1}^{2}+a_{2}^{2}+\cdots+a_{n}^{2}= (b12+b22++bn2)3\left(b_{1}^{2}+b_{2}^{2}+\cdots+b_{n}^{2}\right)^{3}. Prove:
b13a1+b23a2++bn3an1\frac{b_{1}^{3}}{a_{1}}+\frac{b_{2}^{3}}{a_{2}}+\cdots+\frac{b_{n}^{3}}{a_{n}} \geqslant 1

Solution

67. By Cauchy's inequality,
(b13a1+b23a2++bn3an)(a1b1+a2b2++anbn)(b12+b22++bn2)2=(b12+b22++bn2)(b12+b22++bn2)3=(b12+b22++bn2)(a12+a22++an2)a1b1+a2b2++anbn\begin{array}{l} \left(\frac{b_{1}^{3}}{a_{1}}+\frac{b_{2}^{3}}{a_{2}}+\cdots+\frac{b_{n}^{3}}{a_{n}}\right)\left(a_{1} b_{1}+a_{2} b_{2}+\cdots+a_{n} b_{n}\right) \geqslant \\ \left(b_{1}^{2}+b_{2}^{2}+\cdots+b_{n}^{2}\right)^{2}= \\ \sqrt{\left(b_{1}^{2}+b_{2}^{2}++b_{n}^{2}\right)\left(b_{1}^{2}+b_{2}^{2}++b_{n}^{2}\right)^{3}}= \\ \sqrt{\left(b_{1}^{2}+b_{2}^{2}+\cdots+b_{n}^{2}\right)\left(a_{1}^{2}+a_{2}^{2}+\cdots+a_{n}^{2}\right)} \geqslant \\ a_{1} b_{1}+a_{2} b_{2}+\cdots+a_{n} b_{n} \end{array}

Since a1b1+a2b2++anbn>0a_{1} b_{1}+a_{2} b_{2}+\cdots+a_{n} b_{n}>0, we have b13a1+b23a2++bn3an1\frac{b_{1}^{3}}{a_{1}}+\frac{b_{2}^{3}}{a_{2}}+\cdots+\frac{b_{n}^{3}}{a_{n}} \geqslant 1.

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.