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Algebra Difficulty 7.6 National olympiad, round 2 Prove it

Example 1. (2009 5th Northern Mathematical Olympiad) If x,y,z>0x, y, z > 0 and x2+y2+z2=3x^{2} + y^{2} + z^{2} = 3, prove:
x20092008(x1)y+z+y20092008(y1)z+x+z20092008(z1)x+y12(x+y+z)\frac{x^{2009} - 2008(x - 1)}{y + z} + \frac{y^{2009} - 2008(y - 1)}{z + x} + \frac{z^{2009} - 2008(z - 1)}{x + y} \geq \frac{1}{2}(x + y + z)

Solution

Proof: By the AM-GM inequality,
x20092008(x1)=x2009+1+.+1(20081)2008x2009x2008x=x,x^{2009}-2008(x-1)=x^{2009}+1+\ldots \ldots .+1_{(2008 \uparrow 1)}-2008 x \geq 2009 x-2008 x=x,

Therefore, x20092008(x1)y+zxy+z\frac{x^{2009}-2008(x-1)}{y+z} \geq \frac{x}{y+z},
Similarly, y20092008(y1)z+xyz+x,z20092008(z1)x+yzx+y\frac{y^{2009}-2008(y-1)}{z+x} \geq \frac{y}{z+x}, \frac{z^{2009}-2008(z-1)}{x+y} \geq \frac{z}{x+y},
By the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality,
 Hence x20092008(x1)y+z+y20092008(y1)z+x+z20092008(z1)x+yxy+z+yz+x+zx+y=x2x(y+z)+y2y(z+x)+z2z(x+y)(x+y+z)2x(y+z)+y(z+x)+z(x+y)=(x+y+z)22(xy+yz+zx)3(xy+yz+zx)2(xy+yz+zx)=32. And 12(x+y+z)123(x2+y2+z2)=123×3=32. Therefore, x20092008(x1)y+z+y20092008(y1)z+x+z20092008(z1)x+y12(x+y+z).\begin{array}{l} \text { Hence } \frac{x^{2009}-2008(x-1)}{y+z}+\frac{y^{2009}-2008(y-1)}{z+x}+\frac{z^{2009}-2008(z-1)}{x+y} \\ \geq \frac{x}{y+z}+\frac{y}{z+x}+\frac{z}{x+y}=\frac{x^{2}}{x(y+z)}+\frac{y^{2}}{y(z+x)}+\frac{z^{2}}{z(x+y)} \\ \geq \frac{(x+y+z)^{2}}{x(y+z)+y(z+x)+z(x+y)}=\frac{(x+y+z)^{2}}{2(x y+y z+z x)} \geq \frac{3(x y+y z+z x)}{2(x y+y z+z x)}=\frac{3}{2} . \\ \text { And } \frac{1}{2}(x+y+z) \leq \frac{1}{2} \sqrt{3\left(x^{2}+y^{2}+z^{2}\right)}=\frac{1}{2} \sqrt{3 \times 3}=\frac{3}{2} . \\ \text { Therefore, } \frac{x^{2009}-2008(x-1)}{y+z}+\frac{y^{2009}-2008(y-1)}{z+x}+\frac{z^{2009}-2008(z-1)}{x+y} \geq \frac{1}{2}(x+y+z) . \end{array}

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.