Maths Olympiad Prep

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Algebra Difficulty 5.6 AIME, harder Prove it

Four. (Full marks 20 points) The line y=kx+my=k x+m intersects the hyperbola x2a2y2b2=1\frac{x^{2}}{a^{2}} -\frac{y^{2}}{b^{2}}=1 and its asymptotes at points A,B,C,DA, B, C, D. Prove that AC=BD|A C|=|B D|.

Solution

Due to the asymptote equations of the hyperbola being x2a2y2b2=0\frac{x^{2}}{a^{2}}-\frac{y^{2}}{b^{2}}=0, we can set x2a2y2b2=λ.(λ\frac{x^{2}}{a^{2}}-\frac{y^{2}}{b^{2}}=\lambda .(\lambda =0=0 or 1 )
(i. k2)e22kma2xa2m2λa2b2=0\left.k^{2}\right) e^{2}-2 k m a^{2} x-a^{2} m^{2}-\lambda a^{2} b^{2}=0. This equation clearly has real solutions.

By Vieta's formulas, we know x1+x2=2kma2b2a2k2x_{1}+x_{2}=\frac{2 k m a^{2}}{b^{2}-a^{2} k^{2}}, i.e., x1+x22=kma2b2a2k2\frac{x_{1}+x_{2}}{2}=\frac{k m a^{2}}{b^{2}-a^{2} k^{2}},
which means the x-coordinate of the midpoint of the two intersection points of the line y=kx+my=k x+m and the curve x2a2y2b2=λ(λ=0\frac{x^{2}}{a^{2}}-\frac{y^{2}}{b^{2}}=\lambda(\lambda=0 or 1 ) is the same (independent of λ\lambda).
Therefore, the midpoints of segments ABA B and CDC D coincide, i.e., AC=BD|A C|=|B D|.

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.