1. bn+1=an+1−11=1−an11=an−1an. Since bn=an−11, we have bn+1−bn=an−1an−an−11=1 for all n∈N∗. Therefore, bn is an arithmetic sequence with first term b1=a1−11=1 and common difference 1.
2. From part 1, we know that bn=n. Hence, 31bn=31n, and Sn=31(1+2+...+n)=6n(n+1). Thus, Sn1=n(n+1)6=6(n1−n+11). Consequently, S11+S21+...+Sn1=6(1−21+21−31+...+n1−n+11)=6(1−n+11)=n+16n.
3. We will prove by induction that Tn<43 for all n∈N∗. From part 1, we have (31)n⋅bn=n⋅(31)n. Hence, Tn=1⋅31+2⋅(31)2+...+n⋅(31)n. Multiplying both sides by 31, we get 31Tn=1⋅(31)2+2⋅(31)3+...+(n−1)⋅(31)n+n⋅(31)n+1. Subtracting this from the previous equation, we obtain 32Tn=31+(31)2+(31)3+...+(31)n−n⋅(31)n+1=21[1−(31)n]−n⋅(31)n+1. Therefore, Tn=43−41(31)n−1−2n⋅(31)n<43.