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Algebra Difficulty 3.4 AMC 10/12 Find the answer

In the expansion of (x1)(x2)(x3)(x4)(x5)(x6)\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x-4\right)\left(x-5\right)\left(x-6\right), the coefficient of the term containing x5x^{5} is ____.

A number or a short expression. Spacing and $ signs are ignored.

Solution

To find the coefficient of the x5x^5 term in the expansion of (x1)(x2)(x3)(x4)(x5)(x6)\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x-4\right)\left(x-5\right)\left(x-6\right), we observe that when we choose one constant from one of the six parentheses to multiply with xx from the other five parentheses, we are essentially looking for a way to pick the constants that will form the coefficient of x5x^5. Each term gives us a choice between multiplying by xx or by its constant (i.e., 1-1, 2-2, 3-3, 4-4, 5-5, 6-6).

Since we need the coefficient of x5x^5, we will select the constant from one term and xx from the other five. This means we are summing all the ways to select a single constant term to be itself while the others contribute their xx term. The constants are directly added together because choosing any one of them to not contribute an xx results in that constant being part of the coefficient for x5x^5.

Following this logic, the sum of all the constants is:
1+(2)+(3)+(4)+(5)+(6) -1 + (-2) + (-3) + (-4) + (-5) + (-6)

which equals:
123456=21 -1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 - 6 = -21

Therefore, the coefficient of the term containing x5x^5 in the given expansion is 21\boxed{-21}.

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.