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Geometry Difficulty 5.9 AIME, harder Prove it

Example 1. (IMO32-1) Given ABC\triangle ABC, let II be its incenter, and the internal angle bisectors of A,B,C\angle A, \angle B, \angle C intersect the opposite sides at A,B,CA', B', C' respectively. Prove that:
14<AIBICIAABBCC827. \frac{1}{4}<\frac{A I \cdot B I \cdot C I}{A A' \cdot B B' \cdot C C'} \leqslant \frac{8}{27} .

Solution

Let AIAA=x,BIBB=y,CICC=z\frac{A I}{A A^{\prime}}=x, \frac{B I}{B B^{\prime}}=y, \frac{C I}{C C^{\prime}}=z. By the Angle Bisector Theorem, we have
AC=abb+c,x=bb+AC=b+ca+b+c \begin{array}{l} A^{\prime} C=\frac{a b}{b+c}, \\ x=\frac{b}{b+A^{\prime} C}=\frac{b+c}{a+b+c} \end{array}

Similarly, y=c+aa+b+cy=\frac{c+a}{a+b+c},
z=a+ba+b+c z=\frac{a+b}{a+b+c}

Thus, x+y+z=2x+y+z=2. Therefore,
xyz[13(x+y+z)]3827, x y z \leqslant\left[\frac{1}{3}(x+y+z)\right]^{3} \leqslant \frac{8}{27},

with equality if and only if ABC\triangle A B C is an equilateral triangle.
 Also, x=2(b+c)2(a+b+c)>b+c+a2(a+b+c)=12 \text { Also, } x=\frac{2(b+c)}{2(a+b+c)}>\frac{b+c+a}{2(a+b+c)}=\frac{1}{2} \text {, }

Similarly, y>12,z>12y>\frac{1}{2}, z>\frac{1}{2}.
Let x=1+ε12,y=1+ε22,z=1+ε32,ε1,ε2x=\frac{1+\varepsilon_{1}}{2}, y=\frac{1+\varepsilon_{2}}{2}, z=\frac{1+\varepsilon_{3}}{2}, \varepsilon_{1}, \varepsilon_{2}, and ε3\varepsilon_{3} are all positive, and ε1+ε2+ε3=1\varepsilon_{1}+\varepsilon_{2}+\varepsilon_{3}=1,
xyz=(1+ε1)(1+ε2)(1+ε3)8>1+ε1+ε2+ε38=14. \begin{array}{l} x y z=\frac{\left(1+\varepsilon_{1}\right)\left(1+\varepsilon_{2}\right)\left(1+\varepsilon_{3}\right)}{8} \\ >\frac{1+\varepsilon_{1}+\varepsilon_{2}+\varepsilon_{3}}{8}=\frac{1}{4} . \end{array}

The proposition is proved.

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.