Maths Olympiad Prep

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Geometry Difficulty 5.4 AIME, harder Find the answer

## angle between the tangent and the chord [Angles subtended by equal arcs and equal chords]

A circle touches the sides ACA C and BCB C of triangle ABCA B C at points AA and BB respectively. On the arc of this circle, lying inside the triangle, there is a point KK such that the distances from it to the sides ACA C and BCB C are 6 and 24, respectively. Find the distance from point KK to the side ABA B.

A number or a short expression. Fractions can be typed as 3/2, and spacing doesn't matter.

Solution

Let M,HM, H and NN be the feet of the perpendiculars dropped from point KK to AC,ABAC, AB and BCBC respectively. Points MM and HH lie on the circle with diameter AKAK. From the theorem about the angle between a tangent and a chord, KMH=KAH=KAB=KBN\angle K M H = \angle K A H = \angle K A B = \angle K B N.

Points NN and HH lie on the circle with diameter BKBK, so KHN=KBN=KMH\angle K H N = \angle K B N = \angle K M H.

Similarly, KHM=KNH\angle K H M = \angle K N H, hence triangles KMHK M H and KHNK H N are similar by two angles. Therefore, KH:KN=KM:KHK H : K N = K M : K H, from which

KH2=KNKM=144K H^{2} = K N \cdot K M = 144

## Answer

12.

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.