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Algebra Difficulty 3.5 AMC 10/12 Find the answer

Given sets A={x(x+3)(x6)0} A = \{ x \mid (x + 3)(x - 6) \geq 0 \} , and B={xx+2x14<0} B = \left\{ x \bigg| \frac{x+2}{x-14} < 0 \right\} .
1. Find ARB A \cap \complement_R B ;
2. Let E={x2a<x<a+1} E = \{ x \mid 2a < x < a + 1 \} with a a being a real number. If EB E \subseteq B , determine the range of possible values for the real number a a .

A number or a short expression. Spacing and $ signs are ignored.

Solution

1. For set A A , the condition (x+3)(x6)0 (x + 3)(x - 6) \geq 0 holds if x3 x \leq -3 or x6 x \geq 6 . Hence, A={xx3 or x6} A = \{ x \mid x \leq -3 \text{ or } x \geq 6 \} .

For set B B , the inequality x+2x14<0 \frac{x + 2}{x - 14} < 0 implies that the numerator and denominator have opposite signs, which holds if 2<x<14 -2 < x < 14 . Therefore, B={x2<x<14} B = \{ x \mid -2 < x < 14 \} .

The complement of B B in the real numbers, RB \complement_R B , includes all the real numbers not in B B , which are x2 x \leq -2 or x14 x \geq 14 . So, RB={xx2 or x14} \complement_R B = \{ x \mid x \leq -2 \text{ or } x \geq 14 \} .

The intersection ARB A \cap \complement_R B then consists of all elements that are both in A A and in RB \complement_R B , which gives us {xx3 or x14} \boxed{ \{ x \mid x \leq -3 \text{ or } x \geq 14 \} } .

2. For set E E , given E={x2a<x<a+1} E = \{ x \mid 2a < x < a + 1 \} and EB E \subseteq B , we need to consider two scenarios:

Case I: E E is an empty set. This happens when the interval defined by E E makes no sense, i.e., when the lower bound is greater than or equal to the upper bound. This can be expressed as 2aa+1 2a \geq a + 1 , which simplifies to a1 a \geq 1 .

Case II: E E is not empty. For E E to be a subset of B B , the interval 2a<x<a+1 2a < x < a + 1 must lie within the interval defined by B B which is 2<x<14 -2 < x < 14 . Therefore, the following inequalities must hold:
{2a2a+114 \begin{cases} 2a \geq -2 \\ a + 1 \leq 14 \end{cases}
Solving these inequalities gives: a1 a \geq -1 and a<13 a < 13 .

Combining the results from both cases, the range for a a is:
a1 \boxed{ a \geq -1 }

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.