Given sets , and .
1. Find ;
2. Let with being a real number. If , determine the range of possible values for the real number .
Solution
1. For set , the condition holds if or . Hence, .
For set , the inequality implies that the numerator and denominator have opposite signs, which holds if . Therefore, .
The complement of in the real numbers, , includes all the real numbers not in , which are or . So, .
The intersection then consists of all elements that are both in and in , which gives us .
2. For set , given and , we need to consider two scenarios:
Case I: is an empty set. This happens when the interval defined by makes no sense, i.e., when the lower bound is greater than or equal to the upper bound. This can be expressed as , which simplifies to .
Case II: is not empty. For to be a subset of , the interval must lie within the interval defined by which is . Therefore, the following inequalities must hold:
Solving these inequalities gives: and .
Combining the results from both cases, the range for is: