Maths Olympiad Prep

Library / /133 of 520

Algebra Difficulty 5.7 AIME, harder Prove it

5. A set MM is called an ordered set if a binary relation, called order, denoted by \leqslant, is defined on it, satisfying the following conditions:
(1) Reflexivity: For all xMx \in M, xxx \leqslant x;
(2) Antisymmetry: If xyx \leqslant y and yxy \leqslant x, then x=yx=y;
(3) Transitivity: If xyx \preccurlyeq y and yzy \leqslant z, then xzx \preccurlyeq z.
Furthermore, in an ordered set, xyx \prec y means xyx \leqslant y and xyx \neq y; xyx \geqslant y means yxy \leqslant x; xyx \succ y means xyx \geqslant y and xyx \neq y. Prove:
(i) In an ordered set, at most one of x=yx=y, xyx \prec y, yxy \prec x holds.
(ii) If x<yx<y, yzy \prec z, then xzx \prec z.
(iii) Let SS be a non-empty set, and TT be the set of all subsets of SS. If the subset relation ABA \subseteq B is used as the order ABA \preccurlyeq B, then TT is an ordered set.
(iv) In the usual set of non-negative integers, if the divisibility relation aba \mid b is used as the order aba \leqslant b, then it is an ordered set (Note: For any two elements xx, yy in the ordered set MM, it is not necessary that xyx \preccurlyeq y or yxy \leqslant x holds; they can lack this order relation).

Solution

None

Translate the text above into English, please retain the original text's line breaks and format, and output the translation result directly.

Note: The provided instruction is a meta-instruction and not part of the text to be translated. Since the text to be translated is "None", the translation is also "None". Here is the formatted output as requested:

None

Want a route through all this instead of an archive? The track puts 2,000 problems in a working order, from AMC 10 level to the IMO shortlist.

Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.