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Algebra Difficulty 6.6 National olympiad Prove it

14. Let x,y,zx, y, z be positive numbers, and x+y+z1x+y+z \geqslant 1, prove: xxy+z+yyz+x+zzx+y32\frac{x \sqrt{x}}{y+z}+\frac{y \sqrt{y}}{z+x}+\frac{z \sqrt{z}}{x+y} \geqslant \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}. (2003 Moldova Mathematical Olympiad Problem)

Solution

14. By Cauchy-Schwarz inequality,
(xxy+z+yyz+x+zzx+y)[x(y+z)+y(z+x)+z(x+y)](x+y+z)2=1\begin{array}{l} \left(\frac{x \sqrt{x}}{y+z}+\frac{y \sqrt{y}}{z+x}+\frac{z \sqrt{z}}{x+y}\right)[\sqrt{x}(y+z)+\sqrt{y}(z+x)+\sqrt{z}(x+y)] \geqslant \\ (x+y+z)^{2}=1 \end{array}

Assume without loss of generality that xyzx \geqslant y \geqslant z, then by Chebyshev's inequality,
x(y+z)+y(z+x)+z(x+y)(x+y+z)((y+z)+(z+x)+(x+y))3=2(x+y+z)3\begin{array}{l} \sqrt{x}(y+z)+\sqrt{y}(z+x)+\sqrt{z}(x+y) \leqslant \\ \frac{(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z})((y+z)+(z+x)+(x+y))}{3}= \\ \frac{2(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z})}{3} \end{array}

Again by Cauchy-Schwarz inequality,
x+y+z3(x+y+z)=3\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z} \leqslant \sqrt{3(x+y+z)}=\sqrt{3}

Therefore,
xxy+z+yyz+x+zzx+y32\frac{x \sqrt{x}}{y+z}+\frac{y \sqrt{y}}{z+x}+\frac{z \sqrt{z}}{x+y} \geqslant \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.