To determine all functions f:Z→Z satisfying the functional equation:
f(f(m)+n)+f(m)=f(n)+f(3m)+2014
for all integers m and n, we begin by analyzing the given equation:
First, set n=0 in the equation:
f(f(m))+f(m)=f(0)+f(3m)+2014
This can be rewritten as:
f(f(m))=f(3m)+2014−f(m)+f(0)
Next, set m=0:
f(f(0)+n)+f(0)=f(n)+f(0)+2014
Simplifying gives:
f(f(0)+n)=f(n)+2014
Let c=f(0). Then we have:
f(c+n)=f(n)+2014
This equation implies that the function f is linear. Suppose f(n)=an+b for constants a and b. We will determine these constants.
Plug f(n)=an+b into the function equation for some m and arbitrary n:
f(f(m)+n)=a(f(m)+n)+b=a(am+b+n)+b=a2m+ab+an+b
Therefore, the left-hand side becomes:
f(f(m)+n)+f(m)=a2m+ab+an+b+am+b=a2m+am+an+2b+ab
The right-hand side is:
f(n)+f(3m)+2014=an+(3am+b)+2014=an+3am+b+2014
Equating both sides, we get:
a2m+am+an+2b+ab=an+3am+b+2014
Cancelling terms gives:
a2m+am+2b+ab=3am+b+2014
Simplifying further, we equate coefficients of terms involving m:
- a2+a=3a gives a2+a−3a=0 or a(a−2)=0
Thus, a=0 or a=2.
### Case 1: a=0
Then f(n)=b. Substituting into the original equation, we find contradictions as it does not satisfy a2m+am+2b+ab=3am+b+2014.
### Case 2: a=2
Then f(n)=2n+b. Substituting this back:
- For coefficients of m, a2+a=4, consistent.
- Coefficients of constants: 2b=b+2014.
Solving 2b=b+2014, we find b=2014.
Thus, the function is:
f(m)=2m+2014
Checking: Substitute f(m)=2m+2014 into the equation, both sides simplify identically. Hence, f(m)=2m+2014 satisfies the equation.
The solution is:
2m+1007