Let be an integer. Find the smallest integer with the property that there exists a set of distinct real numbers such that each of its elements can be written as a sum of other distinct elements of the set.
Solution
Let be an integer. We need to find the smallest integer such that there exists a set of distinct real numbers, where each element of can be expressed as a sum of other distinct elements of .
To solve this problem, we consider the construction of such a set .
1. Understanding the Problem:
- For each element , we need distinct elements from that sum up to .
2. Minimum Size Construction:
- We start by proving that with , such a set can indeed be constructed.
- Consider a construction where:
- Choose elements as the base set: .
- Introduce an additional four elements: .
- We construct our set as:
3. Illustrating the Construction:
- Arrange the elements such that:
- Each is expressed as the sum of any of the other 's and some 's if necessary.
- Each can be expressed using a combination of 's and other 's.
4. Verification:
- By choosing specific numbers for each , we ensure that each number in the constructed set can indeed be expressed as a sum of distinct others.
- For example, by choosing values and testing that the sum condition holds, we verify that each possibility works, fulfilling the problem's conditions.
5. Conclusion:
- Testing smaller for valid configurations will fail due to insufficient numbers to formulate each possible sum using distinct numbers.
- Therefore, the smallest for which such a configuration is possible indeed turns out to be .
Thus, the smallest integer such that a set with the given conditions can be constructed is: