Determine all integral solutions of
Solution
We are tasked with finding all integral solutions to the equation:
First, let's rewrite the equation and rearrange the terms:
This suggests that must be non-negative, which means .
### Case Analysis:
#### Case 1: or
Without loss of generality, consider . Then the equation becomes:
This implies that and , hence and .
Similarly, if , we also get and .
Thus, one solution is .
#### Case 2: and
Suppose both and are non-zero. Since , divide both sides by positive :
1. Rearrange the equation to .
2. By the AM-GM inequality, we have:
Therefore, the equation leads to a contradiction.
This contradiction implies there cannot be any non-zero integer solutions for and .
### Conclusion:
The only integral solution satisfying the equation is:
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