Maths Olympiad Prep

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Geometry Difficulty 5.1 AIME, harder Find the answer

Suppose ABCDA B C D is a convex quadrilateral with ABD=105,ADB=15,AC=7\angle A B D=105^{\circ}, \angle A D B=15^{\circ}, A C=7, and BC=CD=5B C=C D=5. Compute the sum of all possible values of BDB D.

A number or a short expression. Fractions can be typed as 3/2, and spacing doesn't matter.

Solution

Let OO be the cirumcenter of triangle ABDA B D. By the inscribed angle theorem, AOC=90\angle A O C=90^{\circ} and BOC=60\angle B O C=60^{\circ}. Let AO=BO=CO=xA O=B O=C O=x and CO=yC O=y. By the Pythagorean theorem on triangle AOCA O C, x2+y2=49x^{2}+y^{2}=49 and by the Law of Cosines on triangle BOCB O C, x2xy+y2=25x^{2}-x y+y^{2}=25 It suffices to find the sum of all possible values of BD=3xB D=\sqrt{3} x. Since the two conditions on xx and yy are both symmetric, the answer is equal to 3(x+y)=9(x2+y2)6(x2xy+y2)=291.\sqrt{3}(x+y)=\sqrt{9\left(x^{2}+y^{2}\right)-6\left(x^{2}-x y+y^{2}\right)}=\sqrt{291} . It is easy to check that both solutions generate valid configurations.

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