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Problem 460

Number theory Difficulty 2.4 Multiple choice CEMC Fermat · Canada · 2022

If 211×65=4x×3y2^{11}\times 6^5=4^x\times 3^y for some positive integers xx and yy, then the value of x+yx+y is

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Official solution

Manipulating the left side, 211×65=211×(2×3)5=211×25×35=216×352^{11} \times 6^5 = 2^{11} \times (2 \times 3)^5 = 2^{11} \times 2^5 \times 3^5 = 2^{16} \times 3^5.

Since 4x×3y=216×354^x \times 3^y = 2^{16} \times 3^5 and xx and yy are positive integers, then y=5y = 5 (because 4x4^x has no factors of 3).

This also means that 4x=2164^x = 2^{16}.

Since 4x=(22)x=22x4^x = (2^2)^x = 2^{2x}, then
4x=2164^x = 2^{16} gives 22x=2162^{2x} = 2^{16} and so 2x=162x = 16 or x=8x=8.

Therefore, x+y=8+5=13x + y = 8 + 5 = 13.

Source: CEMC, University of Waterloo, licensed CC-BY-NC-4.0. Statement reproduced verbatim; metadata (topic, difficulty, ordering) added by this project.