Maths Olympiad Prep

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Problem 606

AMC 10/12, early questions
Number theory Difficulty 3.7 Multiple choice Olimpiadi della Matematica · Italy

Anna, Bianca, Carla and Diana are four women of different ages (in years). Their ages are prime numbers whose sum is 240240. Knowing that none of them is more than 7070 years old, what is the age of the youngest?

Pick one

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Official solution

Solution:

The answer is (B). Let a<b<c<da < b < c < d be the four prime numbers corresponding to the ages. Then
60=a+b+c+d4<max{a,b,c,d}=d<70. 60 = \frac{a + b + c + d}{4} < \max \{a, b, c, d\} = d < 70.
So we have only two possibilities: d=61d = 61 or d=67d = 67. If dd were 6161, then a<b<c<60a < b < c < 60 so that
240=a+b+c+d<359+61<240 240 = a + b + c + d < 3 \cdot 59 + 61 < 240
and this is impossible. Otherwise d=67d = 67 and since a<b<c<da < b < c < d we have a53a \leq 53, b59b \leq 59, c61c \leq 61. On the other hand
240=a+b+c+d53+59+61+67=240, 240 = a + b + c + d \leq 53 + 59 + 61 + 67 = 240,
so that (a,b,c,d)=(53,59,61,67)(a, b, c, d) = (53, 59, 61, 67) is the only solution.

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