Maths Olympiad Prep

Track / Stage 6 / 294 of 400 #1294 of 1964

Problem 1294

National olympiad, first round
Algebra Difficulty 6.5 Prove it

Example 7 Given x,y,zR+x, y, z \in \mathbf{R}^{+}, prove:
xzx2+xz+yz+xyy2+xy+xz+yzz2+yz+xy1\frac{x z}{x^{2}+x z+y z}+\frac{x y}{y^{2}+x y+x z}+\frac{y z}{z^{2}+y z+x y} \leqslant 1

This one wants a proof. Work it on paper, then read the official solution and mark yourself. Be honest about it: the record is only any use to you if it is.

Official solution

Proof: Assume xyz=1x y z=1.
First, prove xzx2+xz+yz11+y+1z\quad \frac{x z}{x^{2}+x z+y z} \leqslant \frac{1}{1+y+\frac{1}{z}}.
(1) is equivalent to
x2+xz+yzxz+1+xx^{2}+x z+y z \geqslant x z+1+x

which is x2+1x1+xx^{2}+\frac{1}{x} \geqslant 1+x, or (x1)2(x+1)0(x-1)^{2}(x+1) \geqslant 0. Hence (1) holds.
Also, since
11+y+1z=zyz+z+1\frac{1}{1+y+\frac{1}{z}}=\frac{z}{y z+z+1}

and similarly,
 we have xyy2+xy+xz11+z+1x=11+z+yzyzz2+yz+xy11+x+1y=xyzxyz+x+xz=yz1+z+yz\begin{array}{l} \text { we have } \frac{x y}{y^{2}+x y+x z} \leqslant \frac{1}{1+z+\frac{1}{x}}=\frac{1}{1+z+y z} \\ \frac{y z}{z^{2}+y z+x y} \leqslant \frac{1}{1+x+\frac{1}{y}}=\frac{x y z}{x y z+x+x z}=\frac{y z}{1+z+y z} \end{array}

thus cxxzx2+xz+yz1+z+yz1+z+yz=1\sum_{\mathrm{c} x} \frac{x z}{x^{2}+x z+y z} \leqslant \frac{1+z+y z}{1+z+y z}=1, the conclusion is established.

Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic, difficulty and ordering added by this site.