A quadrilateral that has consecutive sides of lengths and is inscribed in a circle and also has a circle inscribed in it. The point of tangency of the inscribed circle to the side of length divides that side into segments of lengths and . Find :
Problem 1459
Pick one
Official solution
1. Label the points of the quadrilateral. Let , , , and . Let be the center of the inscribed circle. Drop the perpendiculars from to the sides , , , and , and call the points of tangency , , , and respectively. Let , , , and .
2. By the properties of tangents from a point to a circle, we have:
3. Using the lengths of the sides, we can write the following equations:
4. Since the quadrilateral is cyclic, we can use the fact that the sum of the opposite angles is . However, this property is not directly needed for the solution. Instead, we use the fact that the tangents from a point to a circle are equal in length.
5. We need to solve the system of equations:
6. From equation (4), solve for :
7. Substitute into equation (1):
8. Substitute into equation (2):
9. Substitute into equation (3):
10. Now, we need to find and such that and , . From equations (5) and (6), we have:
11. Let and . Then:
12. The difference is:
13. Since , we have and . Thus:
Conclusion: