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Problem 280

Number theory Difficulty 2.3 Find the answer CEMC Pascal

When the three-digit positive integer NN is divided by 10, 11, or 12, the remainder is 7. What is the sum of the digits of NN?

A number or a short expression. Fractions can be typed as 3/2, and spacing doesn't matter.

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Official solution

When NN is divided by 10, 11, or 12, the remainder is 7. This means that M=N7M=N-7 is divisible by each of 10, 11, and 12. Since MM is divisible by each of 10, 11, and 12, then MM is divisible by the least common multiple of 10, 11, and 12. Since 10=2×5,12=2×2×310=2 \times 5, 12=2 \times 2 \times 3, and 11 is prime, then the least common multiple of 10, 11, and 12 is 2×2×3×5×11=6602 \times 2 \times 3 \times 5 \times 11=660. Since MM is divisible by 660 and N=M+7N=M+7 is a three-digit positive integer, then MM must equal 660. Therefore, N=M+7=667N=M+7=667, and so the sum of the digits of NN is 6+6+7=196+6+7=19.

Source: Omni-MATH, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement reproduced verbatim; metadata (topic, difficulty, ordering) added by this project.