Maths Olympiad Prep

Library / /36 of 241

, 2021

Algebra Difficulty 1.2 Junior Find the answer Canada

For which of the following values of xx is x3<x2x^3 < x^2?

Pick one

Solution

If x=1x = 1, then x2=1x^2 = 1 and x3=1x^3 = 1 and so x3=x2x^3=x^2.

If x>1x>1, then x3x^3 equals xx times x2x^2; since x>1x>1, then xx times x2x^2 is greater than x2x^2 and so x3>x2x^3 > x^2.

Therefore, if xx is positive with x3<x2x^3 < x^2, we must have 0<x<10<x<1. We note that if 0<x<10 < x < 1, then both xx, x2x^2 and x3x^3 are all positive, and x3=x2×x<x2×1=x2x^3 = x^2 \times x < x^2 \times 1 = x^2.

Of the given choices, only x=34x = \frac{3}{4} satisfies 0<x<10 < x < 1, and so the answer is (B).

We can verify by direct calculation that this is the only correct answer from the given choices.

Want a route through all this instead of an archive? The track puts 2,444 problems in a working order, from Junior Challenge level to the IMO shortlist.

Source: CEMC, University of Waterloo, licensed CC-BY-NC-4.0. Statement reproduced verbatim; metadata (topic, difficulty) added by this project.