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Saudi Arabian Mathematical Competitions

Geometry Difficulty 5.1 AIME, harder Prove it Saudi Arabia

Let ABCDEFABCDEF be a convex hexagon with AB=CD=EFAB = CD = EF, BC=DE=FABC = DE = FA and ∠A+∠B=∠C+∠D=∠E+∠F\angle A + \angle B = \angle C + \angle D = \angle E + \angle F. Prove that all angles of this hexagon are equal.

Solution

Let BCBC, DEDE, AFAF intersect and bound triangle MNPMNP. Because the sum of angles in a hexagon is 720∘720^\circ, we have ∠A+∠B=∠C+∠D=∠E+∠F=240∘\angle A + \angle B = \angle C + \angle D = \angle E + \angle F = 240^\circ.

Figure 1

Therefore, we easily see triangle MNPMNP is equilateral. To build the equilateral triangle DEODEO with OO lying inside the hexagon, we see EOAFEOAF and DOBCDOBC are parallelograms so AB=EF=OA=CD=OBAB = EF = OA = CD = OB, thus OABOAB is an equilateral triangle. Hence,
∠AFE+∠BCD=∠AOE+∠BOD=360∘−60∘−60∘=240∘. \angle AFE + \angle BCD = \angle AOE + \angle BOD = 360^\circ - 60^\circ - 60^\circ = 240^\circ.
But ∠EDC+∠BCD=240∘\angle EDC + \angle BCD = 240^\circ. These imply ∠AFE=∠EDC\angle AFE = \angle EDC.

Similarly, ∠EDC=∠CBA\angle EDC = \angle CBA. Similarly, ∠BAF=∠FED=∠EDC\angle BAF = \angle FED = \angle EDC.

Now from the condition ∠A+∠B=∠C+∠D=∠E+∠F\angle A + \angle B = \angle C + \angle D = \angle E + \angle F we deduce that all angles of this hexagon are equal to 120∘120^\circ.

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