Let a triangle ABC with AB+BC=3AC be given. Let its incircle have center I and touch the sides AB at D and BC at E respectively. Furthermore let K and L be the reflection points of D and E respectively with respect to I.
Prove that the quadrilateral ACKL is a cyclic quadrilateral.
Solution
Solution:
For the points mentioned in the problem statement we denote the point of contact of the incircle with AC by F, the midpoint of AC by S, the intersection point of wβ and the perpendicular bisector mAC by P, the reflection point of B with respect to I by R, the midpoint of BI by T, and the pairwise equal segments on the sides of the triangle by x,y and z respectively (see figure).
From AB+BC=3AC it follows that x+z+z+y=3(x+y), hence (I) z=x+y. It is well known that P lies on the circumcircle of ABC. Therefore ∠CAP=∠CBP=∠PBA=∠PCA=2β and AP=CP. The triangles ASP and BEI are similar, and since AS=21AC=2x+y=2z=21BE, denoting by r the inradius, we have
(II) SP=21EI=2r as well as AP=21BI. For the area F of triangle ABC we have F=rs=s(s−a)(s−b)(s−c), where s=2a+b+c=x+y+z. Hence r(x+y+z)=(x+y+z)xyz and with (I) it follows that 2rz=2zxyz⇔4r2=2xy⇔8r2=4xy⇔9r2+(x−y)2=r2+(x+y)2=r2+z2. Since ∠BDI=90∘ we have (III) BI2=r2+z2. Since PS⊥AC⊥FI we have PI2=SF2+(PS+FI)2. But SF=21AC−x=2x+y−x=2y−x and FI=r. Hence, using (II), we get PI2=(2y−x)2+(23r)2=4(y−x)2+9r2. With (III) it follows that PI2=41BI2, hence PI=21BI. Thus (IV) PI=PA=PC=PR.
Moreover, under reflection at I, T is mapped to P. Hence also IT=PI. BI is the diameter of the circle through B,I,D and E (right angles at D and E). This circle has T as its center. Under reflection of this circle at I, I is mapped to I, T is mapped to P, D is mapped to K, E is mapped to L, and the radius is preserved. With (IV) it follows that A,L,I,K,C and R lie on a circle about P; hence ACKL is a cyclic quadrilateral.
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