Suppose A, B, and C are the angles in an acute-angled triangle. Prove that cosA+cosB+cosCsin2A+sin2B+sin2C≤3.
Solution
Since cosx is decreasing on [0,π/2] and sinx is increasing on this interval, by Chebyshev's inequality, cosA+cosB+cosCsin2A+sin2B+sin2C=cosA+cosB+cosC2≤32(sinA+sinB+sinC). But, just as in the solution of problem 25, sinA+sinB+sinC=4cos2Acos2Bcos2C and, for all x, y, z∈[0,π/2], cosxcosycosz≤cos3x+y+z, with equality iff x=y=z. Hence, 32(sinA+sinB+sinC)≤38cos36A+B+C=38cos36π=3, with equality iff A=B=C=π/3.
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