Maths Olympiad Prep

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Geometry Difficulty 4.6 AIME Prove it United States

Problem:

Triangle ABCA B C is inscribed in a circle centered at OO, and MM is the midpoint of BCB C. Suppose that A,MA, M, and OO are collinear. Prove that ABC\triangle A B C is either right or isosceles (or both).

Solution

Solution:

If MM and OO coincide, then BCB C is a diameter. Then A\angle A is right (this follows from the well-known theorem that an angle inscribed in a semicircle is a right angle).

If MM and OO do not coincide, then line MOM O must be the perpendicular bisector of BCB C since MM and OO are both equidistant from BB and CC. We are given that AA lies on MOM O. So AA is equidistant from BB and CC, i.e. ABC\triangle A B C is isosceles.

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Source: MathNet, licensed CC-BY-4.0. Statement reproduced verbatim; metadata (topic, difficulty) added by this project.