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Geometry Difficulty 4.6 AIME Prove it United States

Problem:

In convex hexagon AXBYCZA X B Y C Z, sides AXA X, BYB Y and CZC Z are parallel to diagonals BCB C, XCX C and XYX Y, respectively. Prove that ABC\triangle A B C and XYZ\triangle X Y Z have the same area.

Solution

Solution:

Let [P][\mathcal{P}] denote the area of a polygon P\mathcal{P}.

The important claim is that if KLMN\overline{K L} \parallel \overline{M N}, then [KLM]=[KLN][K L M] = [K L N]. This is a simple consequence of the formula A=12bhA = \frac{1}{2} b h.

Then, we find that
[ABC]=[XBC](since AXBC)=[XYC](since BYXC)=[XYZ](since CZXY) \begin{aligned} & [A B C] = [X B C] \quad (\text{since } \overline{A X} \parallel \overline{B C}) \\ & = [X Y C] \quad (\text{since } \overline{B Y} \parallel \overline{X C}) \\ & = [X Y Z] \quad (\text{since } \overline{C Z} \parallel \overline{X Y}) \end{aligned}
as desired.

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Source: MathNet, licensed CC-BY-4.0. Statement reproduced verbatim; metadata (topic, difficulty) added by this project.