Let ABC be a triangle with AB=AC=BC and let I be its incentre. The line BI meets AC at D, and the line through D perpendicular to AC meets AI at E. Prove that the reflection of I in AC lies on the circumcircle of triangle BDE.
Solution
Let Γ be the circle with centre E passing through B and C. Since ED⊥AC, the point F symmetric to C with respect to D lies on Γ. From ∠DCI=∠ICB=∠CBI, the line DC is a tangent to the circumcircle of triangle IBC. Let J be the symmetric point of I with respect to D. Using directed lengths, from DC⋅DF=−DC2=−DI⋅DB=DJ⋅DB the point J also lies on Γ. Let I′ be the reflection of I in AC. Since IJ and CF bisect each other, CJFI is a parallelogram. From ∠FI′C=∠CIF=∠FJC, we find that I′ lies on Γ. This gives EI′=EB. Note that AC is the internal angle bisector of ∠BDI′. This shows DE is the external angle bisector of ∠BDI′ as DE⊥AC. Together with EI′=EB, it is well-known that E lies on the circumcircle of triangle BDI′.
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