Maths Olympiad Prep

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Geometry Difficulty 6.4 National olympiad Prove it

Let ABCA B C be a triangle with AB=ACBCA B=A C \neq B C and let II be its incentre. The line BIB I meets ACA C at DD, and the line through DD perpendicular to ACA C meets AIA I at EE. Prove that the reflection of II in ACA C lies on the circumcircle of triangle BDEB D E.

Solution

Let Γ\Gamma be the circle with centre EE passing through BB and CC. Since EDACE D \perp A C, the point FF symmetric to CC with respect to DD lies on Γ\Gamma. From DCI=ICB=CBI\angle D C I=\angle I C B=\angle C B I, the line DCD C is a tangent to the circumcircle of triangle IBCI B C. Let JJ be the symmetric point of II with respect to DD. Using directed lengths, from
DCDF=DC2=DIDB=DJDB D C \cdot D F=-D C^{2}=-D I \cdot D B=D J \cdot D B
the point JJ also lies on Γ\Gamma. Let II^{\prime} be the reflection of II in ACA C. Since IJI J and CFC F bisect each other, CJFIC J F I is a parallelogram. From FIC=CIF=FJC\angle F I^{\prime} C=\angle C I F=\angle F J C, we find that II^{\prime} lies on Γ\Gamma. This gives EI=EBE I^{\prime}=E B. Note that ACA C is the internal angle bisector of BDI\angle B D I^{\prime}. This shows DED E is the external angle bisector of BDI\angle B D I^{\prime} as DEACD E \perp A C. Together with EI=EBE I^{\prime}=E B, it is well-known that EE lies on the circumcircle of triangle BDIB D I^{\prime}.

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.