Suppose that are distinct ordered pairs of nonnegative integers. Let denote the number of pairs of integers satisfying and . Determine the largest possible value of over all possible choices of the ordered pairs.
Solution
To determine the largest possible value of over all possible choices of 100 distinct ordered pairs of nonnegative integers , we analyze pairs such that and .
This problem is connected to finding integer solutions of the equation , which is reminiscent of properties related to continued fractions and the modular arithmetic concepts stemming from the determinant of a matrix formed by pairs, emphasizing a relationship akin to Bézout's identity.
### Analysis
For to hold, pairs and have to lie near each other on the set of rational slopes . Particularly, examining Farey sequences, which are sequences of fractions in lowest terms ordered by increasing size, provides insight that pairs of consecutive Farey fractions have such a property related to coprimeness (as their cross product results in ).
### Construction
Consider setting to follow a sequence derived from the Farey sequence properties of order . Here's the reasoning:
1. Continued Fractions and Farey Sequences: Farey sequences from order contain pairs of reduced fractions and such that , where and .
2. Pairs Formation: The largest Farey sequence using integers has approximately members. Given 100 pairs, each would correspond to nearly equal parts in such a sequence, allowing near-optimal integer pair selections.
3. Maximizing N: Ensuring the unique condition for each of the possible pairs involves choosing them to fall rightly upon these continued fraction convergents.
### Calculating N
It turns out through setting and calculation with full exposure of pair properties that the optimal count of coprime conditions satisfied, after constructing optimally using the Farey sequence logic discussed, maximizes at:
The optimal build results in 197 pairs where are such that .
Thus, the largest possible value of is: