Maths Olympiad Prep

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Geometry Difficulty 5.0 AIME Find the answer

How many ways are there of using diagonals to divide a regular 6-sided polygon into triangles such that at least one side of each triangle is a side of the original polygon and that each vertex of each triangle is a vertex of the original polygon?

A number or a short expression. Spacing and $ signs are ignored.

Solution

The number of ways of triangulating a convex (n+2)(n+2)-sided polygon is (2nn)1n+1\binom{2 n}{n} \frac{1}{n+1}, which is 14 in this case. However, there are two triangulations of a hexagon which produce one triangle sharing no sides with the original polygon, so the answer is 142=1214-2=12.

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